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07
2021
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02
Working principle of horizontal directional drilling mud pump
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Horizontal directional drilling mud pump is a machine that transports mud or water and other flushing fluids to the drilling hole during the drilling process.
Horizontal directional drilling mud pump is a machine that transports mud or water and other flushing fluids to the drilling hole during the drilling process. Mud pump is an important component of drilling machinery and equipment. Its main function is to inject mud into the well with the drill bit during the drilling process, cool the drill bit, clean the drilling tool, fix the wellbore, drive the drilling, and bring the drilling cuttings back to the ground after drilling.
In ordinary positive circulation drilling, the horizontal directional drilling mud pump, under a certain pressure, directly transports the ground flushing medium - clean water, mud, or polymer flushing fluid - to the bottom of the drill bit through high-pressure hoses, faucets, and the center hole of the drill string, achieving the purpose of cooling the drill bit, removing drilling debris, and transporting it to the ground.
The commonly used horizontal directional drilling mud pumps are piston or plunger type, where the crankshaft of the pump is driven by a power machine to rotate, and the crankshaft drives the piston or plunger to move back and forth in the pump cylinder through a crosshead. Under the alternating action of the suction and discharge valves, the purpose of pressure delivery and flushing fluid circulation is achieved.
The two main parameters of the performance of a horizontal directional drilling mud pump are displacement and pressure. The displacement is calculated based on the number of liters discharged per minute, which is related to the drilling diameter and the required speed of flushing fluid returning from the bottom of the drilling hole, that is, the larger the hole diameter, the greater the required displacement. The rising speed of the flushing fluid is required to timely wash away the rock debris and powder cut by the drill bit from the bottom of the hole and reliably carry them to the surface.
When drilling geological cores, the general upward speed is about 0.4~1m/min. The pressure of the pump depends on the depth of the borehole, the resistance of the channel through which the flushing fluid passes, and the properties of the flushing fluid conveyed. The deeper the borehole, the greater the pipeline resistance and the higher the required pressure. As the diameter and depth of the wellbore change, it is required that the pump displacement can be adjusted at any time.
To change the displacement, install a gearbox in the pump mechanism or adjust its speed through a hydraulic motor. In order to accurately grasp the changes in pump pressure and displacement, a flow meter and pressure gauge should be installed on the horizontal directional drilling mud pump to keep track of the pump's operation at all times. At the same time, the pressure changes should be used to determine whether the situation in the hole is normal and prevent accidents from occurring in the hole.
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